Our Skin Care Products have been clinically tested at the independent laboratories of the California Skin Research Institute for safety and performance.
Some of the Skin Care clinical studies utilize contralateral (half-face) studies. Bioinstruments were used to objectively measure the depth of the fine lines and wrinkles on one side of the face where our products was being applied and compared these results to the control side where no skin care products or makeup were used.
The results of the test, due in part to the rapidly changing climate conditions, were extraordinary: where no skin care or cosmetic products were used, the visible signs of aging became measurably deeper, while the skin treated with our line of Skin Care Products steadily improved. In addition to bioinstrumentation, subjects completed a detailed questionnaire following the test subjectively rating the products’ results.
Day Time Repair – SPF 15
Clinical Study Contralateral study measures increase skin resilience, reduction of the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and significantly improve other critical properties of all skin types
Abstract Day Time Repair - SPF 15 was evaluated under clinically controlled conditions. The results showed a significant improvement of skin resilience and reduction in the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
Skin Research Institute
The Day Time Repair – 15 was evaluated under clinically controlled conditions. Twenty-two women and men between the ages of 30 and 70 used a regimen consisting of their normal cleanser and Day Time Repair – SPF 15 twice daily for a period of 84 days. The product was applied to one-half of the face in a controlled and supervised manner. The other half served as the control. The treated and untreated sides were randomized to avoid bias. Subjects were only allowed to cleanse the untreated side with their normal cleanser. No makeup or other skin care products were worn by the subjects.
• 245% increase in skin resilience and firmness in 28 days
• 421% decrease in the appearance of fine lines of the skin in 28 days
• 421% decrease in the appearance of skin wrinkles in 28 days
• 37% increase in retained skin moisture in 84 days
• A definitive evening of skin tone in 84 days
Conclusion Day Time Repair - SPF 15 significantly improves skin resilience, and elasticity. It also reduced the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, and significantly reduces the visible signs of aging.
C+E Night Time Repair P.M.
Clinical Study Contralateral study measures increase skin resilience, reduction of the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and significantly improve other critical properties of all skin types.
Abstract C+E Night Time Repair P.M. containing 10% pure L-ascorbic acid and 5% vitamin E was studied. The study was conducted at the independent laboratories of the California, showing significant results in increase of skin resilience, reduction of the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and significantly improvement of skin elasticity.
Skin Research Institute
Twenty-two women and men between the ages of 30 and 70 used a regimen consisting only of their normal cleanser and C+E Repair P.M. twice a day for a period of 84 days. The product was applied to one-half of the face in a controlled and supervised manner. The other half served as the control. The treated and untreated sides were randomized to avoid bias. Subjects were allowed only to cleanse the untreated side with their normal cleanser. No makeup or other skin care products were used by the subjects.
• 154% increase in skin resilience and firmness in 28 days.
• 199% decrease in the appearance of fine lines of the skin in 28 days.
•49% decrease in the appearance of skin wrinkles in 28 days.
• A definitive evening of skin tone in 84 days.
Conclusion C+E Night Time Repair P.M. significantly improves skin resilience, elasticity, reduction of the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, and significantly reduces the visible signs of aging.
Calming Skin Care
Clinical Study Contralateral study measures reduction of the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles and significantly improves other critical properties of the skin
Abstract Our Calming Skin Care was clinically evaluated by a board-certified dermatologist at the independent laboratories of the California Skin Research Institute. Twenty-two women and men between the ages of 30 and 70 used a regimen consisting only of their normal cleanser and Calming Skin Care twice a day for a period of 28 days. The product was applied to one-half of the face in a controlled and supervised manner. The other half served as the control. The treated and untreated sides were randomized to avoid bias. Subjects were only allowed to cleanse the untreated side with their normal cleanser. No makeup or other skin care products were worn by the subjects.
• 145% decrease in the appearance of fine lines in 28 days.
• 150% decrease in the appearance of wrinkles in 28 days.
Conclusion Calming Skin Care significantly improves skin and significantly reduces the visible signs of aging.
Eye Treatment
Clinical Study Contralateral study measures improvement of the texture and resilience of eye-area skin.
Abstract Our Eye Treatment was evaluated under clinically controlled conditions. Twenty-three men and women between the ages of 30 and 70 used Enfuselle Eye Treatment for a period of 84 days. The product was applied to the skin around one eye, in a controlled and supervised manner. The skin around the other eye area served as the control. The treated and untreated sides were randomized to avoid bias. Subjects were only allowed to cleanse the untreated side with their normal cleanser. No makeup or other skin care products were worn. Approximately 50% of the panel were contact lens wearers. The safety of our eye treatment was evaluated by a board-certified dermatologist and ophthalmologist. They found that under the conditions of the test, the product was safe for use, even by contact lens users.
• 120% increase in skin resilience and firmness in 14 days.
• 209% decrease in visible fine lines of the skin in 56 days.
• 223% decrease in appearance of skin wrinkles in 14 days.
• 32% increase in retained skin moisture in 56 days.
• A definitive evening of skin tone in 84 days.
A board-certified dermatologist and ophthalmologist at the independent laboratories of the California Skin Research Institute evaluated the safety of Eye Treatment. They found that, under the conditions of the test, the product was safe for use, even by contact lens users.
Conclusion Our Eye Treatment significantly improves skin firmness and resilience, and dramatically improves the texture of eye-area skin while significantly reducing the visible signs of aging of all skin types.
Instant Firming Serum
Clinical Study Contralateral study measures objective and subjective reduction in wrinkles and fine line, and improvement in skin firmness and elasticity, within 10 minutes.
Abstract Instant Firming Serum was evaluated under clinically controlled conditions. Thirty-six women between the ages of 35 and 65 cleansed their face with our Hydrating Cleansing Lotion and used instant Firming Serum only on one-half of their face, one a day for 30 days. The treated and untreated sides were randomized to avoid bias. No other makeup or skin care products were worn by the subject.
The subject were asked to evaluate the efficacy of the product and trained technicians used instrumental and visual technique to evaluate the wrinkle and fine lines in the crow’s-foot are and the elasticity and firmness of the facial skin.
When asked on day one:
• 82% of subjects indicated that their face felt firmer in just 10 minutes.
• 79% of subject indicated that they saw an anti-0wrinle effect in 10 minutes.
• 88% of subjects indicated thy had immediate results
When the treated side was evaluated by technicians at 10 minutes: • 66% of subjects were reported to have a reduction in wrinkles and fine lines in the crow’s-foot area.
• 66% of subjects were reported to have improvement in the firmness of facial skin
When asked on day 30• 90% of subject indicated that their face still felt firmer
• 81% of subject still saw an anti-wrinkle effect
• 78% of subject continued to see immediate results.
Conclusion Subject report that Instant Firming Serum dramatically reduces the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines and improves skin firmness and elasticity in minutes. The improvements are both immediate and long term. The study results are supported by subjective and objective clinical measurements.
Infusing Mineral Masque
Clinical Study Study measures Improve the texture of the skin.
Abstract 268% increase in skin smoothness at 28 days when compared br>Infusing Mineral Masque containing Vital Repair+® was studied. Twenty-three subjects between the ages of 30 and 70 used the product every other day on their face for a period of four weeks. The study was conducted at the independent laboratories of the California Skin Research Institute.
All clinical measurements and skin replicas were taken on days 0 and 28 of the study. Visual evaluations were also conducted on day 14. Skin smoothness was determined by Image Analysis using dental-silicone replicas of the skin.
• 268% increase in skin smoothness at 28 days when compared to untreated control.
Conclusion Infusing Mineral Masque significantly improves skin texture and the removal of undesirable skin oils and impurities.
Balancing Moisturizer
Clinical Study Contralateral study measures improvement of the texture of the skin.
Abstract Balancing Moisturizer, containing Vital Repair+, was clinically evaluated by a board-certified dermatologist at the independent laboratories of the California Skin Research Institute. Twenty-three women and men between the ages of 30 and 70 used a regimen consisting only of their normal cleanser and Balancing Moisturizer twice a day for a period of 28 days. The product was applied to one-half of the face in a controlled and supervised manner. The other half served as the control. The treated and untreated sides were randomized to avoid bias. Subjects were only allowed to cleanse the untreated side with their normal cleanser. No makeup or other skin care products were worn by the subjects.
• 146% increase in skin resilience in 28 days.
• 268% decrease in the appearance of fine lines in 28 days.
• 173% decrease in the appearance of wrinkles in 28 days.
Conclusion Balancing Moisturizer significantly improves skin resilience and significantly reduces the visible signs of aging.
Antioxidant Skin Care Product Clinical Results
Vital Repair +
Clinical Study In-Vitro Study of the Effectiveness of a Unique Combination of Known Antioxidants, Vital Repair+, in Human Cell Cultures.
Abstract Vital Repair+ exhibits significant antioxidant activity in cell cultures of human skin cells exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light. This unique, patented (U.S. Patent No. 6,036,946) combination of ingredients composed of vitamins A, C, and E, along with Panthenol, Grape Seed Extract, Superoxide Dismutase, and Beta Glucan, has been shown to protect against cellular death caused by exposure to the UV wavelengths of natural sunlight. The activity of this complex was found to be synergistic, that is, the activity of the complex was much greater than the sum of the activity of the individual components or the sum of the activity of those component materials.
The effectiveness of the Vital Repair+ complex has been demonstrated in human cell cultures in which free radicals were generated by exposing those cultures to ultraviolet (UV) light. When compared to cell cultures exposed to the same amount of UV light but not treated with Vital Repair+ or its component ingredients, the cell cultures treated with Vital Repair+ were found to exhibit a significantly lower number of cell deaths.
All cell culture measurements were made within 48 hours following exposure of the cell cultures to the UV light. These measurements were run in triplicate for each material tested and were conducted using techniques commonly employed in cell culture technology. When compared to cell cultures exposed to UV light in the absence of Vital Repair+, the following results were found:
• 40% reduction in the number of cell deaths.
• Additionally, the reduction in the number of cell deaths in the cultures treated with Vital Repair+ was greater than any of the individual components of Vital Repair+ tested separately or the sum of their combined activities.
• The reduction in cell death was accompanied by an increased number of living (viable) dividing skin cells in the cultures treated with Vital Repair+.
Conclusion The activity of this complex of antioxidants clearly demonstrates that Vital Repair+ is effective in blocking the complex cascade of free radical reactions brought about by exposure of skin to UV light.
Vital Repair +
Clinical Study Antioxidant Activity of Vital Repair+ from Skin Care Formulations When Applied to Human Skin.
Abstract A test of three of the skincare formulations clearly demonstrates that each formulation exhibits significant antioxidant activity when applied to the surface of intact human skin. The level of antioxidant activity was found to be significantly greater than that of control treated skin without the patented Vital Repair+ complex (U.S. Patent No.6,036,946). These results clearly demonstrate that the Vital Repair+ present in our skincare formulations exhibits antioxidant activity as demonstrated in the human skin cell cultures.
The effectiveness of the patented Vital Repair+ antioxidant complex included in our skincare products was demonstrated in human cell cultures. However, this does not unequivocally ensure this same effectiveness when applied to human skin. Therefore, a test was conducted to show this efficacy on human skin.
It is well documented that when beta carotene is exposed to long wavelength ultraviolet (UVA, 320 to 400 nm) radiation, as found in sunlight, it undergoes a free radical reaction during which it changes from an orange color to a pale yellow color. Shaklee scientists used this knowledge to demonstrate the effectiveness of the patented Vital Repair+ from our Skin Care formulations. Solutions of beta carotene were applied to the forearms of human subjects and allowed to dry completely. Our Skin Care formulations were then applied to selected sites on top of the beta carotene treated sites. All test sites were then exposed to UVA light. The changes in the color of the test sites were then monitored using a MinoltaTM Chromameter throughout the UVA exposure period.
The color changes in the treated and control sites were exposed to six (6) different intensities of UVA light. Based upon the Chromameter data gathered from this test, the following conclusions were drawn. When compared to control test sites not treated with tour Skin Care formulations, the Vital Repair+ delivers the following effectiveness against UVA induced free radical reactions:
• Up to twice the antioxidant effectiveness at low UVA doses
• Up to three times the antioxidant effectiveness at high UVA doses
Conclusion This test clearly demonstrates that the patented Vital Repair+ (U.S. Patent No.6,036,946) protects the skin from UVA induced color change of beta carotene which is known to occur through a free radical pathway. Therefore, the antioxidant activity of the Vital Repair+ to protect the surface of human skin against free radical damage has been demonstrated.
Sunscreen Clinical Results
Our Product Containing Sunscreen Agents
Clinical Study Study Measures Broad-spectrum Protection Against UV light, Provided by Products Containing Sunscreen Agents
Abstract The effectiveness of our sunscreen containing products in delivering broad-spectrum protection was determined in-vitro using a spectrophotometric method. This broad-spectrum protection is provided by a combination of sunscreen agents without the need for the inclusion of Avobenzone, which has been shown to undergo degradation upon exposure to sunlight.
This broad-spectrum claim was also demonstrated despite the fact that the SPF 15 for Body and SPF 30 for Body contain lower levels of sunscreen agents than conventional suncare products on the market today. The sunscreening effectiveness of these latter products, despite the lower level of sunscreen agents employed, is the basis for the patent issued by the U.S. Patent Office for these products.(U.S. Patent No.6,015,548)
Our products containing sunscreen agents, namely the Day Time Repair - SPF 15 and SPF 30 for Body, have all been shown to exhibit broad-spectrum protection from the ultraviolet wavelengths of sunlight using a spectrophotometric method. This method, which measures the amount of ultraviolet (UV) light absorbed by the formulation applied to a substrate that is transparent to UV light, is used to determine the critical wavelength where 90% of the absorbance of the formulation is reached. This critical wavelength is then compared to the same value for other formulations that have been documented to exhibit significant absorbance of UV light across the entire UV wavelengths in clinical tests.
According to the acceptance criteria for this test, any formulation exhibiting a critical wavelength greater than 340 nm can be labeled as exhibiting broad-spectrum UV protection. The accuracy of the measured critical wavelength is plus/minus 5 nm. Therefore, for a measured critical wavelength of 350 nm, the actual critical wavelength is somewhere between 345 and 355 nm.
The resulting critical wavelength values, which were measured at an independent testing labratory for the Enfuselle products containing sunscreens are as follows:
• Time Repair A.M. SPF 15 -- 355 nm
• SPF 30 for Body -- 349 nm
All of these products exhibit critical wavelengths of greater than 340 nm and are appropriately described as being broad-spectrum sunscreen products.
Conclusion Our products containing sunscreen agents provide broad-spectrum protection against UV light. This protection is achieved without Avobenzone. However, it is important to realize that the Day Time Repair A.M. SPF 15 does contain titanium dioxide and zinc oxide which play a role in the delivery of the broad-spectrum protection for this important skincare product.
Our Product Containing Sunscreen Agents
Clinical Study Waterproof Protection against UV light, Provided by SPF 30 for Body.
Abstract The effectiveness of the Enfuselle SPF 30 for Body to provide waterproof sunscreen protection was determined by the procedure mandated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. This waterproof protection is achieved without imparting a sticky, heavy feel to the skin commonly found with waterproof sunscreen products and at a lower total level of sunscreen agents than is commonly found in suncare products on the market today. This significant scientific breakthrough was achieved by combining sunscreen agents with the combination of antioxidants contained in patented Vital Repair+® complex (U.S. Patent No. 6,036,946).
The degree of waterproof protection afforded by the Enfuselle SPF 30 for Body is so unique that this technology has been granted a patent (U.S. Patent No. 6,015,548). By combining an effective amount of the specific combination of antioxidants found in Vital Repair+, the waterproof Sun Protection Factor (SPF) values of these products were increased by more than 30%.
When applied to the skin of each of 20 actual human subjects, allowed to dry on the skin for at least 15 minutes and then exposed to 80 minutes of water under conditions simulating active swimming, and then tested for their SPF value under controlled laboratory conditions resulted in the following average waterproof SPF values:
• SPF 30 for Body - - 32.2
Since these values exceed the intended labeled SPF values for these products, they are appropriately labeled according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulations.
Similar formulations containing only the Vital Repair+ antioxidant complex (without the sunscreen agents) were found to exhibit SPF values of approximately 3. Additionally, similar formulations containing the sunscreen agents, but without the Vital Repair+ complex, were found to exhibit a SPF values of approximately 17 for the SPF 30 formulation. The difference between the actual measured SPF values listed above for these formulations and these partial formulations is the synergistic effect of combining the sunscreen agents and the Vital Repair+ complex of antioxidants.
Conclusion By combining a low level of commonly used sunscreen agents with the Vital Repair+ complex, a patented breakthrough in sunscreen product formulation has been achieved. Effective, waterproof sunscreen protection is delivered at a lower level of total sunscreen agents than commonly marketed suncare products.
